佛 · 光 | 道吾山护国兴华禅寺灯光改造

2020-04-03 09:40

走出大雄宝殿

那一抹脸上的夕阳

点亮了悟

光点亮了建筑？还是建筑亮了本身？

所有的表象都是心象

寂静、融合、圆满

Walk out of the hall of Mahavira

The setting sun on that face

Light up the feeling

Light lit the building? Or does the building light itself?

All appearances are mental images

Silence, fusion, perfection

道吾山护国兴华禅寺，依山而筑，四象俱全，环境清幽，景色秀美，规模宏大，乃浏阳佛教四大祖庭之首。自宗智开山演道，名闻天下。唐文宗勅建，朝野怀崇敬之诚，名山尽僧伽兰若！尤以晚唐至北宋最盛。寺创迄今，已历一千二百余年，其间高僧辈出，法筵宏开，弘法于国内诸多丛林，法脉亦远播朝鲜、日本。屡废屡兴，乃驰名中外之佛教圣地。

Daowu mountain XingHua Buddhist Temple is the first of the four ancestral halls of Liuyang Buddhism. It is built on the basis of the mountain, with complete four aspects, quiet environment, beautiful scenery and large scale. He is famous all over the world. The emperor Wenzong of Tang dynasty built it with respect from the north and the west, and the famous mountains were filled with Sangha and lanruo! Especially from the late Tang Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty. The temple has been established for more than 1200 years, during which there are many eminent monks, and fayan is flourishing. It has spread in many jungles in China, and its veins are also spread in Korea and Japan. It is a famous Buddhist holy land both at home and abroad.

道吾开山祖宗智禅师，为六祖青原系下三世法孙。继宗智之后有青原系下七世道吾从盛，八世道吾契诠。经道吾宗智，石霜庆诸、大光居海、宝盖山约等之宏扬，宗门鼎盛。

The founder of Daowu, a wise Zen master, is the third generation of Legalist disciple of Qingyuan. After Zong Zhi, there are seven generations of Daowu Congsheng in Qingyuan system, and eight generations of Daowu QiQuan. Promoted by DaoWuZongZhi, ShiShuangqingzhu, DaguangJuHai, BaoGaiShanYue and others, the clan flourished.

对于兴华禅寺的照明设计，我们心怀崇敬、细细品味，为此在设计之前特别前往道吾山感受白天与夜晚的天空、树木、湖水、佛号与钟声，听住持果欣法师讲禅意与禅寺的历史故事。

For the lighting design of Xinghua Buddhist temple, we cherish reverence and savor it carefully. Before the design, we went to Daowu mountain to feel the sky, trees, lake water, Buddha's horn and bell in the day and night, and listened to master Guoxin's historical story about Zen and the temple.

不停思索，不断感悟，从设计开始到完成(包括室内外)，我们用了二年的时间，不急不躁、心境平和……

From the beginning of design to the completion (including indoor and outdoor), it took us two years to keep thinking and understanding, not to be impatient and calm……

金刚经云：一切有为法，如梦幻泡影，如露亦如电，应作如是观。

The Diamond Sutra says: all actions are like dreams and illusions, like dew and electricity. We should do the same.

我们常常在想，照明设计到底是为了表现建筑？还是表现光的本身？后来才发现，无论灯光强弱的变化、位置的变化，建筑依旧在那里，宁静而古朴，到底是灯亮了？还是建筑亮了？亦或是心亮了？原来，光与建筑本就是一体，我们在乎的不是光有多亮、建筑有多亮、在乎的是心中的感受，自然、宁静、平和……

We often think that lighting design is to express architecture? Or the light itself? Later, it was found that no matter the change of light intensity and location, the building is still there, quiet and simple, is the light on? Or is the building on? Or is the heart shining? It turns out that light and architecture are one. What we care about is not how bright the light is, how bright the architecture is, but how we feel in our hearts， nature, quiet, peace……

大殿门口，将夕阳斜照台阶的自然效果，用灯光复现出来，自然而随意，亦像室内透出的佛光，引导、向往、满心崇敬……

At the gate of the main hall, the natural effect of setting sun slanting on the steps is reproduced with light. It is natural and random, just like the Buddha light in the room, guiding, yearning and full of reverence……

灯具隐藏在斋堂廊底，让光自上而下，间接照亮墙面，既满足了功能性的照明，又能柔和的表现建筑的空间层次，让光停留在建筑的空间里，光与建筑互相交融。

The lamps and lanterns are hidden at the bottom of the corridor of the Zhaitang hall, so that the light can illuminate the wall indirectly from top to bottom, which not only meets the functional lighting, but also can show the spatial level of the building gently, so that the light stays in the space of the building, and the light and the building integrate with each other.

念佛堂前的阶梯上，隐藏LED灯带，让溢出的光形成功能照明，且不会造成眩光、在视觉上，沿台阶逐渐向上的灯光形成序列，一路延伸到念佛堂，形成通往佛界的指引，柔和、自然而宁静。

On the steps in front of the Buddha Hall, the LED light belt is hidden to let the overflowing light form a functional lighting without causing glare. Visually, the lights gradually form a sequence up the steps, extending all the way to the Buddha Hall, forming a guide to the Buddha world, soft, natural and peaceful.

灯具尽量的隐藏，光色追求自然、柔和，所有的构思都追寻自然光的光影，使灯光能够跟建筑、环境融为一体。

山间或水面，实与虚、真或假，一切皆在心中……

Lamps and lanterns should be hidden as much as possible. Light and color pursue nature and softness. All ideas pursue light and shadow of natural light, so that light can be integrated with architecture and environment.

Mountain or water, real and virtual, true or false, everything is in the heart……

对于室内的照明，我们更加的小心翼翼，满怀敬畏。主要重点表现三个方面的光：佛像光、空间的光，僧侣所需的光。

For the interior lighting, we are more careful, full of awe. It mainly focuses on three aspects of light: Buddha light, space light, and light needed by monks.

兴华禅寺早课在4:30开始，山中环境基本与黑夜一致，众僧需要足够的照度来满足上香、阅读等功能需求。所以照明设计根据僧侣的不同的要求、特殊位置进行了重点照明。还针对做法事时众僧的动线进行了研究，保证足够的照度。

The morning class at Xinghua Temple begins at 4:30. The environment in the mountains is basically the same as the night. Monks need sufficient illumination to meet the functional needs of incense and reading. Therefore, the lighting design is accentuated according to the different requirements of monks and special locations. We also studied the movements of the monks at the time of the practice to ensure sufficient illumination.

佛像的照明，我们除了保证足够照度之外，更注重了光谱的排布，让佛像的质感更显真实。同时，灯具角度控制也尤为重要，必须避免灯光在佛像面部形成阴影。

In addition to ensuring sufficient illumination, we pay more attention to the arrangement of spectrum to make the texture of Buddha more real. At the same time, the angle control of lamps is particularly important. It is necessary to avoid the shadow of lights on the Buddha's face.

灯光改造前

灯光改造后

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灯光改造后

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灯光改造后

灯光改造前

灯光改造后

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考虑到舒适度以及防眩光等问题，避免参拜者受到室内光线的视觉干扰，采用了间接环境照明的方式，有光无灯，使照明融入整个建筑空间，体现室内的空间感。

In consideration of the comfort and anti glare and other issues, to avoid the visual interference of indoor light, indirect environmental lighting is used, with light and no light, so that the lighting is integrated into the whole building space, reflecting the sense of interior space.

灯光改造后整体室内效果▼

Overall indoor effect after lighting transformation▼

为了强化室内的佛像主体，采用分级照明来突出主次感。

In order to strengthen the interior of the main body of the Buddha image, graded lighting is used to highlight the sense of primary and secondary.

圆柱的光与背景的间接光形成很好的层次关系，同时又能融合一致。

The light of the cylinder forms a good hierarchical relationship with the indirect light of the background, and at the same time can be fused and consistent.

“禅”之本意，乃“自然本真，回归内在”，因此灯光的设计重在表现佛像本来的形态即可，光与佛相互融合，相互呈现。

The original meaning of "Zen" is "nature is true, return to the inside", so the design of the light should focus on the original form of the Buddha image, and the light and the Buddha are fused with each other，Present each other.